Fatehpur Sikri, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is an architectural marvel located near Agra, India. Constructed during 1572-1585 A.D. by Emperor Akbar, it served as the Mughal capital for a short period. The city boasts magnificent palaces, mosques, and courtyards, showcasing a fusion of Persian, Hindu, and Islamic architectural styles. Notable structures include the Buland Darwaza, Jama Masjid, and the sprawling Panch Mahal. Its abandoned state adds an enigmatic charm, inviting visitors to explore its historical grandeur and ponder its intriguing past.
While planning our Agra trip, we kept a day aside to go see this UNESCO World Heritage monument. Located at about 35kms from Agra city, Fatehpur Sikri is a one-hour drive from Agra. We took Uber outstation costing us around 1500/- for a day trip to Fatehpur Sikri and return. Upon reaching Fatehpur Sikri, we had to take the ticket and then the state tourism bus takes you to the actual site. Visiting hours are from 06:00am to 06:00pm .
Things to see at Fatehpur Sikri Fort
It is a 16th century city, founded by Mughal emperor Jalal-ud-din Mohammad Akbar in honour of the great Sufi saint Sheikh Salim Chisti. The city is built in red sandstone and stands as a testament to the Mughal Empire’s artistic and architectural legacy. Here’s everything that you must see when you visit this quint city.
Buland Darwaza
The Buland Darwaza, meaning “Gate of Magnificence,” is a towering structure located in Fatehpur Sikri, near Agra, India. Built by Emperor Akbar in 1576 to commemorate his victory over Gujarat, it stands as one of the largest gateways in the world. Rising to a height of about 54 meters, the Buland Darwaza is constructed from red sandstone and marble, adorned with calligraphy. Its colossal size and imposing presence symbolize the might and grandeur of the Mughal Empire.
Jama Masjid
The Jama Masjid at Fatehpur Sikri is one of the largest mosques in India, renowned for its stunning architecture. The Masjid reflects a fusion of Persian, Hindu, and Islamic architectural styles. The mosque’s grand courtyard can accommodate thousands of worshippers, while its intricately carved pillars and domes showcase exquisite craftsmanship. Inside, the mihrab, a niche indicating the direction of Mecca, is embellished with ornate designs.
Panch Mahal
The Panch Mahal is a five-story architectural marvel. Its open pavilion-style design served as a retreat and entertainment complex for the royal family. It has numerous columns and arches that create a sense of lightness and airiness. Each level of the Panch Mahal diminishes in size, reflecting a tiered architectural style. We wandered around the spacious halls here and completely enjoyed the panoramic views of the surrounding landscape, its elegance and historical significance.
Jodha Bai Palace
Jodha Bai Palace is a magnificent structure constructed during the reign of Emperor Akbar. Named after Akbar’s Rajput wife, Jodha Bai, the palace exhibits a unique blend of Hindu and Islamic architectural elements reflecting a blend of both Jodha Bai and Akbar’s culture. The design is impressive and includes carved stone screens, spacious courtyards, and ornate chambers. The palace is distinguished by its fusion of Gujarati, Bengali, and Mughal styles, reflecting the diverse influences of Akbar’s court. Roaming around the Jodha Bai Palace totally made us feel royal for the moment.
Tomb of Salim Chishti
Constructed in white marble, Salim Chishti’s tomb exemplifies Mughal architecture’s elegance and grandeur. Pilgrims and visitors flock to seek blessings at this sacred site as it is believed to possess spiritual significance and the power to fulfil wishes. The tomb’s delicate marble lattice work exudes tranquillity and reverence, creating a serene atmosphere for contemplation. Salim Chishti’s tomb stands as a testament to his revered legacy and continues to be a place of spiritual devotion and pilgrimage.
Diwan-e-Khas
The Diwan-e-Khas, or Hall of Private Audience, is a significant structure that served as a place for intimate discussions and meetings with select courtiers and dignitaries. Its central pillar, known as the “Dream Pillar,” supported Akbar’s throne, symbolizes his authority and wisdom. Intricate carvings and marble inlays adorn the hall, reflecting Mughal craftsmanship and artistic finesse. The Diwan-e-Khas definitely gave us an insight into Akbar’s vision of inclusive governance and cultural exchange during the Mughal era.
Diwan-e-Aam
The Diwan-e-Aam, or Hall of Public Audience, served as a place where Akbar listened to the grievances and concerns of his subjects, promoting accessibility and justice in governance. We saw raised platform from where the emperor would address the public, fostering a sense of unity and communication within the empire.
Birbal’s House
Birbal’s House, located in Fatehpur Sikri, is a historic residence associated with Raja Birbal, one of Emperor Akbar’s nine gems and closest advisors. The house reflects a blend of Mughal and Rajput architectural styles, showcasing detailed carvings and decorative elements. As an important figure in Akbar’s court, Birbal’s house likely served as a center for intellectual discussions and administrative matters.
Daulat Khana
Daulat Khana, served as a royal treasury and storehouse during Emperor Akbar’s reign in the 16th century. This imposing structure was built to safeguard the empire’s wealth and treasures. Constructed from red sandstone and marble, Daulat Khana’s strategic location within the royal complex highlights its significance in maintaining the empire’s financial stability. We could envision the opulence and grandeur of the Mughal court wandering through the expansive halls of Daulat Khana.
Anup Talao
Anup Talao, a historic water tank in Fatehpur Sikri, served as a central feature within Emperor Akbar’s royal complex. Surrounded by elegant pavilions, it provided a serene setting for cultural events and musical performances during the Mughal era. The platform in the center was used for musical concerts and other recreational activities enjoyed by the royal family. The reflecting pool enhanced the beauty of the surrounding architecture and provided a tranquil atmosphere for contemplation. Anup Talao remains a symbol of the leisure and refinement that characterized Akbar’s court.
Karawan Serai
It is a vital caravan station and lodging facility during the Mughal period. This expansive complex provided accommodations, amenities, and security for travellers and merchants journeying along the trade routes. Its central courtyard served as a bustling hub for commerce and social interaction, fostering cultural exchange and economic prosperity. Today, Karawan Serai stands as a testament to the Mughal Empire’s vibrant trade networks and its pivotal role in shaping India’s history.
Hiran Minar
It is a unique monument built by Emperor Jahangir in memory of his favourite elephant. The structure consists of a tall tower adorned with stone tusks, symbolizing the elephant’s significance. Surrounding the tower is a large water reservoir, adding to the monument’s picturesque setting. Hiran Minar served as a hunting lodge and a retreat for the Mughal royals.
Rang Mahal
Rang Mahal, located in Fatehpur Sikri, served as the imperial harem’s residence during Emperor Akbar’s reign. The palace is renowned for its vibrant colors and complex frescoes adorning its walls and ceilings, earning it the name “Rang Mahal” or “Palace of Colors.” Each room within the palace was designated for a specific queen, reflecting Akbar’s elaborate court life. Rang Mahal’s design includes cooling water channels and intricately carved jharokhas, adding to its architectural elegance. The palace offers a glimpse into the opulent lifestyle and cultural richness of the Mughal era.
Naubat Khana
Naubat Khana served as the entrance to the royal complex and the gateway to the emperor’s court. This majestic structure housed musicians who played music to announce the emperor’s arrival or important events. Naubat Khana’s elevated platform provided a vantage point for musicians to perform and for dignitaries to be greeted. The monument stands as a symbol of the pomp and ceremony that characterized the Mughal court.
We were lucky to also be able to witness a qawwali performance at the tomb of Salim Chisti at the backdrop of sun set on the Buland darwaza. Immersing ourselves into the melodious qawwali, we called it a day at Fatehpur Sikri.
